Kumiselwa njani ukuthungwa komhlaba?

Ukukhula kwezityalo ezithile kuhlala sikhathazeka kakhulu malunga nemozulu. "Ngaba baya kunyamezela amaqondo obushushu aphezulu ehlobo? Ngaba baya kunyamezela iqabaka? Ngaba baya kuphila kuphela ngemvula?" Le yinto eqhelekileyo, hayi ilize, izidalwa zezityalo zixhomekeka kakhulu kwimozulu ukuze zikwazi ukuziqhelanisa okanye ukungahambi endaweni. Kodwa, Kuthekani ngomhlaba?

Umhlaba apho iingcambu ziya kukhula ngokulinganayo okanye ubaluleke ngakumbi ukuba kunokwenzeka. Kuzo kukho izondlo-mzimba abazidingayo ukuze bakwazi ukondla nokukhula, kwaye ukuba ayilunganga kubo, abayi kuba nakho ukuya phambili. Ke ngoko, ngaphambi kokutyala kufuneka sazi ukuba zeziphi iimpawu ezinazo, kwaye oku kwenziwa ngokumisela ukuthungwa komhlaba. Umbuzo ngulo, Kwenziwa njani?

Uthini umhlaba?

Xa sithetha ngoburhabaxa bomhlaba sibhekisa kumasuntswana obukhulu obahlukeneyo obuyibumbayo. La masuntswana ahlelwa njengentlabathi, iisilika kunye nodongwe, ezifumaneka ngemilinganiselo eyahlukeneyo kuhlobo ngalunye lomhlaba. Yiyo loo nto zintathu iintlobo zomhlaba ezichongiweyo, ezizezi:

• UdongweYenziwe ngodongwe lwe-45%, i-30% ye-silt kunye ne-25% yesanti. Igcina amanzi kunye nezondlo, kodwa i-porosity yayo iphantsi, oko kuthetha ukuba i-drainage ayilunganga kuba ikhawuleza ibe ngamanzi. Phakathi kwezityalo ezixhathisa kakhulu, siqaqambisa imvelaphi yeMeditera: imithi yom-amangile (IPrunus dulcis), imithi yecarob (ICeratonia siliqua), umkhiwane (UFicus carica), yeminquma neminquma yasendleI-Olea europaea y Olea europaea var. sylvestris), phakathi kwezinye.
• USandyYenziwe ngesanti engama-75%, i-5% yodongwe kunye ne-20% ye-silt. Olu hlobo lomhlaba, ngokungafaniyo nodongwe, luvumela umoya omkhulu. Kodwa le yingxaki kwizityalo ezininzi: ziphulukana nokufuma ngokukhawuleza okukhulu, kwaye kunye nazo, iingcambu azinakho ukufunxa ubungakanani bezondlo abazifunayo. Nangona kunjalo, zininzi izinto zezityalo ezikhula kakuhle kuyo, ezinje Cactus, Las crass kunye na ingca.
• Franco: Lo mhlaba unento esiyibiza ngokuba bubume obuphakathi. Iqukethe isanti engama-45%, i-40% ye-silt kunye ne-15% yodongwe. Ilungele uninzi lwezityalo, njengoko igcina amanzi kunye nezondlo zayo kodwa ikwanomsele ofanelekileyo.

Kutheni le nto ibalulekile kwizityalo?

Amaxesha amaninzi asixelela ukuba umhlaba ubaluleke kakhulu kwizityalo zethu, kodwa ngoba? Yintoni eyenza eyona nto iphakathi ukuyikhulisa?

• Inezakha mzimba: Ngokuhamba kwexesha kwezinto eziphilayo, zombini izityalo kunye nezilwanyana, kuyeza ixesha lokuba zife. Ngokwenza njalo, kuqala izilwanyana ezinkulu, emva koko ezincinci, kwaye kamva izinambuzane kunye nezinto ezincinci, zibola. Ke, zonke izondlo eziqulethwe yimizimba yazo zisebenza njengesichumisi somhlaba kwaye, ke, zezityalo.
• Ukufunxa amanzi: Kuxhomekeka kuburhabaxa, ziya kuthabatha ngaphezulu okanye ngaphantsi, kodwa enkosi kula manzi iingcambu zinokuba nalezi zondlo Ngaphandle koko, akunakwenzeka.
• Vumela iingcambu ukuba zomoyaefanayo, iya kuxhomekeka kubume bayo, kodwa kuphela ukuba umhlaba uqulethe ioksijini inokuba nobomi bezityalo obukhulayo kuwo, kuba nangona isenokungabonakali ngathi, iingcambu nazo ziyaphefumla.

Ungawuchaza njani ubume bomhlaba egadini yethu?

Ukuba sizimisele ukutyala ezinye izityalo kodwa asazi ukuba umhlaba unjani, sinokwenza oku kulandelayo:

1. Okokuqala, siya kuthatha isampuli yomhlaba.
2. Ngoku, siza kwahlula umhlaba ocoliweyo, oko kukuthi, onke amasuntswana angaphantsi kwe-2mm, kulawo makhulu anje ngegrabile kunye namatye. Umhlaba ocolekileyo ngumxube wesanti, owesilika, nodongwe.
3. Emva koko, siya kugcwalisa ibhotile nge-5cm yomhlaba omhle.
4. Okulandelayo, siya kuyigcwalisa ngamanzi phantse ngokupheleleyo kwaye silinde iyure.
   • Ngasemva siza kubona umaleko wesanti.
   • Embindini enye ye-limo.
   • Kwindawo ephezulu yodongwe.
   • Iziqwenga zezinto eziphilayo zinokudada ngaphezulu kwamanzi.

Ngoku, iyakubakhona kuphela bala inani uqikelelo lwento nganye. Njani? Sebenzisa lo nxantathu:

1. Kufuneka silinganise ubude ukusuka ezantsi kwebhotile ukuya kwinqanaba lokugqibela. Masithi kukho iisentimitha ezili-17.
2. Ngoku silinganisa umaleko wesanti. Sicinga ukuba ilinganisa i-1cm.
3. Emva koko kufuneka sisebenzise umthetho we-3 ukubala iipesenti: ukuba i-17cm yi-100%, yintoni i-1cm? (1 × 100) / 17 isinika malunga ne-5,9.
4. Kunxantathu sizoba umgca ohambelana nomdongwe oqala kwinqanaba 5,9.
5. Ngoku, senza okufanayo kunye nesilayidi, ukulinganisa ukusuka kubude apho umaleko wayo uqala ukuvela khona, oko kukuthi, kule meko kwi-1cm. Ukuba iziphumo zethu zi-6cm, sibala (6 × 100) / 17 ezinokusinika i-35,3. Kwaye sizoba umgca ohambelana nomgca wodongwe oqala kuma-35,3.
6. Okokugqibela, kufuneka sijoyine le migca mithathu.

Ngale ziphumo, sinokucaca ukuba umhlaba wethu udongwe.

Ngala manyathelo alula, sinokwazi ukuba umhlaba wethu unjani.