Iinyibiba (iLilium)

Iinyibiba, ezibizwa ngokuba ziinyibiba, zizityalo eziqhakaza entwasahlobo nasehlotyeni. Xa besenza, iziqu zabo zihluma iintyatyambo ezinobungakanani obukhulu, kwaye zinemibala eyoyolo kangangokuba akunakwenzeka ukuba ungagxili kuzo ngelinye ixesha.

Olunye lweempawu abanazo kukuba zinokuphindaphindwa ngokulula ngokwahlula ii-bulbs ezihlala zihluma emva kokuba iintyatyambo zibunile. Ke, uqala ngokuthenga isityalo esinye, kodwa ekuhambeni kweminyaka uphela ngezinye ezimbalwa.

Sinjani isityalo seLilium?

Eyaziwa ngokuba yinyibiba okanye inyibiba, yinto engapheliyo eyeyendidi yeLilium kunye nosapho I-Liliaceae. Kuqikelelwa ukuba kukho ikhulu leendidi, kodwa zininzi nezinye iintlobo zezilimo. Iintlobo zasendle zikhula ikakhulu kumantla e-hemisphere, zombini e-Eurasia nakuMntla Melika, kodwa kukho ezinye ezizodwa eMzantsi Melika.

Ukuba sigxila kwiimpawu zayo, Sithetha ngezityalo ezikhula kwibhalbhu efumaneka phantsi komhlaba. Kuxhomekeka kudidi olwahlukileyo, ukusuka kwisiseko soku kunokuvela ii-stolons, okanye iirhizomes eziza kukhulisa iibhalbhu ezincinci ezincinci. Kwakhona, kukho ezinye iinyibiba ezikhula njengengcambu.

Amagqabi ahlala evuthulukaOko kukuthi, ziyafa ngaxa lithile ngonyaka (ngesiqhelo emva kokudubula kweentyatyambo). Kwelinye icala, kukho iindidi ezithile ezithi ngexesha lasebusika, eli lixesha apho ezi zityalo zingasebenzi khona, zigcina i-rosette yamagqabi amancinci.

Iintyatyambo zivela kwisiqu seentyatyambo, kwaye zinokuba zodwa okanye zivele ngokwamaqela. Ngokubanzi, makhulu, ukuya kuthi ga kwiisentimitha ezili-10 ubukhulu, kunye nemibala eyahlukileyo kakhulu: mhlophe, tyheli, bomvu, okanye pinki. Kwaye isiqhamo sisiqwenga setriveve esijika sibemdaka xa sele sivuthiwe, kwaye siqulathe iimbewu ezininzi.

Intyatyambo iLilium iphuma iinyanga ezingaphi?

Iintyatyambo zeenyibiba zivuleka kangangeeveki ezimbalwa ngonyaka. Ngokwesiqhelo, kumntla weikhweyitha ziqala ukudubula kwazo ngoMeyi zize ziphele ngoSeptemba, Kuxhomekeka kwindidi kunye / okanye isilimo. Ngayiphi na imeko, ukukhuthaza iintyatyambo zazo sinokuzichumisa ngezichumiso zezityalo ezidubula iintyatyambo, kwaye sizinqumle ezo zomileyo.

Iindidi zeLilium

Ngoku siza kuzazi ezona ntyatyambo zenyibiba ukuze uzibonele ukuba zintle kangakanani, kwaye ke kuya kuba lula kuwe ukwenza iingoma ezimangalisayo egadini yakho okanye kumatshini wokutyala:

ILilium bulbiferum

Eyaziwa njenge-lily bulbous okanye inyibiba ebomvu, sisityalo sendalo saseYurophu. Njengoko elinye lamagama alo aqhelekileyo libonisa, ivelisa iintyatyambo zeorenji, kunye nobukhulu obulungileyo nabo, kuba balinganisa malunga neesentimitha ezili-10 ububanzi.

Umgangatho weLilium

El Umgangatho weLilium Sisityalo esinamandla esidala esivela eSyria nasePalestine esifikelela kubude obumalunga neesentimitha ezingama-80. Iintyatyambo zimhlophe kwaye zilinganisa malunga nee-intshi ezine ububanzi.

ILilium martagon

Yaziwa njengebozo, IMartagon okanye iinyibiba zokulila, yindalo yaseYurophu, kubandakanya iSpain. Iintyatyambo zayo zincinci, ngakumbi ukuba sizithelekisa nezinye iinyibiba. Balinganisa malunga neesentimitha eziyi-3-5, kwaye zipinki, lilac, mhlophe.

I-lilium yaseMpuma

Como I-lilium yaseMpuma okanye inyibiba yaseMpuma sibhekisa kuthotho lweebhastri ezivela eAsia. Zineentyatyambo ezinkulu kwaye zinuka kamnandi kakhulu. Kweli qela siqaqambisa iLilium 'Stargazer', ngeentyatyambo ezipinki ezimnyama; 'Ukuzinikela' ngeentyatyambo ezimhlophe; okanye 'iRosato' ngeentyatyambo ezipinki ezithambileyo,

ILilium lancifolium

El ILilium lancifolium Sisityalo esaziwa ngokuba yi-brindle tie flower, kwaye singasifumana sasendle eMpuma Asia. Iintyatyambo zayo ziorenji zinamachokoza amnyama, malunga neesentimitha ezi-4 ububanzi.

ILilium longiflorum

El ILilium longiflorum, owaziwa ngokuba yinyibiba yePasika yindalo yaseJapan. Ifikelela kwimitha ukuphakama, kunye ivelisa iintyatyambo ezimhlophe, Ngevumba elimnandi. Ezi ziisentimitha eziyi-10-12 ubukhulu.

Usikhathalela njani isityalo seLilium?

Iinyibiba zizityalo ezinokulinywa ezimbizeni, kwizityalo, okanye egadini. Zisetyenziswa ngokubanzi ekwenzeni ukwenziwa kweentyatyambo okanye iikhaphethi, njengoko ziqhelana kakuhle kakhulu neemeko ezahlukeneyo. Kodwa bafuna izinto ezininzi ukuze baphumelele:

Kuphi ukubeka iinyibiba?

Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba bafumane ubuncinci iiyure ezintlanu zokukhanya kwelanga yonke imihla. Ezi zityalo azikhuli ngokwesiqhelo xa zinokukhanya; enyanisweni, ukuba bebebekwe emthunzini besizakubona ukuba iziqu zabo zikhula njani kwicala lomthombo wokukhanya onamandla. Ngokwenza njalo, kuyakusinika umbono wokuba bakhula ngokukhawuleza, kodwa akufuneki sicinge ukuba yinto entle leyo, kuba into eyakwenzeka kukuba baya kuba buthathaka.

Umhlaba okanye i-substrate

Iibhalbhu ze-Lily zibola ngokukhawuleza xa zityalwe kumhlaba ongafanelekanga, ofana nomhlaba oqinileyo kunye nobunzima. Ukuyiphepha, Kuyimfuneko ukuba ibe yindawo elula, enomhlaba, ukuze amanzi ajikeleze ngaphandle kwezithintelo. Kungoko kuphela apho izityalo zethu ziya kukhula ngokwesiqhelo.

Kwimeko apho zizakubakhona kwisikhongozeli, njengembiza yeentyatyambo okanye isixhobo sokutyala, kufuneka kuthathelwe ingqalelo ukuba i-substrate kufuneka ikhanye ngokulinganayo. Ngesi sizathu, sicebisa ukuxuba umzekelo we-peat emnyama ne-30% ye-perlite.

Unkcenkceshelo kunye nombhalisi

Ubuninzi bokunkcenkceshela kufuneka butshintshe ngokuhamba kwamaxesha onyaka. Ngentwasahlobo ngakumbi ihlobo, kuba kulapho zikhula khona kwaye amaqondo obushushu afudumele, siya kubankcenkceshela phantse kabini ngeveki. Kodwa ukusukela ngekwindla nasebusika baya kuba bephumle, kwaye kuba umhlaba nawo uthatha ixesha elide ukoma, siza kubeka indawo yonkcenkceshelo. Ngapha koko, ukuba ngexesha lekwindla kunye / okanye lasebusika ihlala inethisa amaxesha ngamaxesha, kuyakufuneka kuphela ukuthambisa umhlaba ukuba siwubona womile kakhulu.

Ukuze zinike iintyatyambo ezikumgangatho ophezulu, Kuyacetyiswa kakhulu ukuba ubeke i mulch kuzo (kwintengiso apha), ukulahlwa kweentshulube, okanye nokuba ngumgquba. Kodwa ewe, ukuba zifakwe embizeni, kuya kuba kuhle ukusebenzisa izichumisi ezingamanzi, kulandela imiyalelo yesikhongozeli. Kwaye ukuba sibeka izichumisi ezigreyithiweyo okanye umgubo embizeni, i-substrate inokuphela ineengxaki zokucoca amanzi; ngenxa yoko, iingcambu ziya konakala.

Ixesha lokutyala ibhalbhu

Ukuba uthenge iibhalbhu, khumbula ukuzityala ngasekupheleni kobusika okanye ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo. Ngale ndlela, baya kuba nexesha elaneleyo lokukhula kunye nokuzisa iintyatyambo zabo ngexesha elifanelekileyo.

Ukuphindaphinda

Iinyibiba ziphindaphindeka ngokwahlulahlula iibhalbhu, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha zinembewu:

• Ukwahlulwa kwebhalbhu: emva kweentyatyambo, iinyibiba kufuneka zishiywe emhlabeni okanye embizeni kangangeenyanga ezimbini okanye ezintathu. Emva kwelo xesha, sinokumba ii-bulbs kwaye sahlule ezincinci. Emva kwexesha, siza kuzityala kwezinye iindawo, sizingcwabe malunga neesentimitha ezimbini.
• Imbewu: iintyatyambo zeenyibiba zi-hermaphroditic, ke ukuba isampulu yakho inembewu, ungayihlwayela entwasahlobo kwiimbhedi ezinje ngetreyi enemingxunya okanye ngeembiza, kunye nevermiculite (iyathengiswa apha) okanye mulch. Beka kwindawo enelanga, kunye namanzi amaxesha ngamaxesha ukuze i-substrate ingomi. Ke, ziya kuhluma ngenyanga.

Izinambuzane

Kukho inani leenambuzane ezichaphazela iinyibiba, kwaye zezi:

• Izibungu zebhalbhu: yenza umonakalo kwibhalbhu, ebolileyo. Olona nyango lusebenzayo luthintelo, ngaphambi kokutyala, ngezibulali zinambuzane ezinjenge diazinon.
• Cryoceros: zizinambuzane ezondla amagqabi neentyatyambo. Ngethamsanqa, banokuthintelwa kwaye basuswe nge-pyrethrins.
• Zintwala: ezi ntwala Zibekwe kumagqabi amatsha esityalo nakwizidubula zeentyatyambo. Zondla incindi, ke ngoko siza kubona amabala acocekileyo kunye nokungalunganga. Bangalwa nomhlaba we-diatomaceous (uyathengiswa apha).
• Uhambo: uhambo Zingachaphazela ibhalbhu, zibangele ukungalunganga kunye neendawo ezimdaka, kwaye nakwinxalenye yomoya ebangela ukuvela kwamabala kwiintyatyambo nakumagqabi, ukungalunganga kunye nokwenza buthathaka ngokubanzi. Ilwa ne-anti-thrips insecticide (njenge enye).

Izifo

Ngokubhekisele kwizifo, banokuba nazo:

• IBotrytis: i ibhotile Yifungus ethi, kwimeko yeenyibiba, ivelise amabala amdaka ajikelezayo naphina (amagqabi, iziqu kunye neentyatyambo). Iyaliwa nesibulali sokubulala ukungunda esinebhedu (siyathengiswa apha).
• Inyibiba enamaqhuqhuva: luluhlu lweentsholongwane ezonakalisa iintyatyambo kwaye zitshintshe umbala wamagqabi. Akukho lunyango, ngaphandle kokuthenga izityalo ezisempilweni kunye neebhalbhu, ngaphandle kweempawu ezincinci zesifo okanye isibetho.
• I-Phytopthora: Ngumngundo obangela amabala ama-mauve amnyama avele kwizikhondo, ngakumbi kwisiseko. Amachaphaza la asasazeka kwisityalo, afikelela emagqabini, ajika abe tyheli. Iphathwa ngamayeza okubulala ukungunda athwele ubhedu.
• IPythium: ngumngundo obolisa iingcambu. Kwiimeko ezinzima zinokubulala izityalo. Ikwanyangwa nange fungicides ephethe ubhedu.
• i-rhizoctoniaNgumngundo obola ibhalbhu. Amagqabi ayaphela, kwaye iintyatyambo zisenokungavuleki. Akukho lunyango lusebenzayo; kungcono ukulahla izityalo ezichaphazelekayo.
• Intsholongwane ye-Lily necrotic spot (LSV): Zintsholongwane ezibangela ukuvela kwamabala e-chlorotic kumagqabi. Baqala ukuba tyheli ngombala omde, emva koko bajike babe mnyama. Iintyatyambo zikhubazekile, kwaye isityalo siba buthathaka. Akukho nonyango.

Ukusebenza ngokukhawuleza

Ukuxhathisa kukaLilium kubanda kuyahluka ngokuxhomekeka kuhlobo kunye nemvelaphi. Kodwa ngokubanzi sithetha ngezityalo ezithi ukumelana namaqondo obushushu asezantsi ukuya kwi - 4ºC.

Yintoni intsingiselo yeenyibiba?

Ukuba ufuna ukwazi ukuba zithini intsingiselo yezi ntyatyambo ngokombala wazo, siza kuthetha nawe malunga nazo:

• I-lilium etyheli: yintyatyambo yokubonisa ebonisa uvuyo, ubomi, kunye nombulelo.
• I-lilium emhlophe: inyibiba emhlophe luphawu lobumsulwa kunye nobunyulu.
• I-orange lilium: kukubonakaliswa komoya, ithemba, ubuchule kunye nothando olukhulayo.
• I-lilium ebomvu: Iinyibiba ezibomvu zifanekisela uthando njengesibini, kunye nomnqweno.
• Ililium epinki: Iinyibiba ezipinki zifanekisela ulutsha, ukuthamba kunye nomsebenzi olungileyo.

Ukuthenga phi?

Ukuba ungathanda ukuba neenyibiba, cofa apha uze ufumane umxube wakho weebhalbhu:

Akukho mveliso ifunyenweyo