Ingcambu yemifuno

Las ingcambu yemifuno zezo zikhuliselwe ingcambu yazo, njengoko igama lisitsho, kuba kuyatyiwa. Oku kunokuba nemilo eyahlukileyo kakhulu, umbala kunye nencasa. Umzekelo, iminqathe zinde kwaye ziorenji; endaweni yoko amatswele ajikeleziwe.

Zikhula njani? Xa ufuna ezinye zezi zityalo, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba uzithathele ingqalelo iimfuno zazo zesondlo, kuba ukuze zikhule ngokwesiqhelo, indawo ezikhulela kuyo kufuneka zichume.

Ingcambu yokulima imifuno

Ingcambu yemifuno zizityalo ezingafaniyo neeleta, umzekelo, zikhula ngcono ngakumbi xa zigcinwa emhlabeni, okanye kwiimbiza ezinzulu kakhulu. Kuyenzeka ukuba ubenazo kwizikhongozeli ezibanzi kunokuba zibude, kodwa oku akunakucetyiswa kuba iingcambu azinakukhula ngokwaneleyo, kwaye ngenxa yoko isivuno besingayi kuba yile nto besiyilindele.

Ngale nto engqondweni, izinto ezimbalwa kufuneka zilungiswe ngaphambi kokuba zikhule. Ngale ndlela, siya kufezekisa ukuba izityalo zikhula ngamandla, kwaye neengcambu zazo zikumgangatho ophezulu. Ngaphandle kokuqhubeka, makhe sibone indlela yokukhulisa ngayo:

Ukuhlwayela

Ezi zityalo ngokubanzi zande ngembewu entwasahlobo. Into efanelekileyo kukuba uyenze kwiitreyi zezithole (ziyathengiswa apha) ukuze zibalawule, kusetyenziswa ii-substrates ezinje nge-mulch (iyathengiswa apha), okanye ukuba sikhetha enye yegadi yasezidolophini (iyathengiswa apha). Ngayo nayiphi na, izityalo zethu ziya kuba nakho ukukhula kakuhle kwiiveki zokuqala, kuba ingumhlaba ofunxa amanzi kwaye uwagcine okwethutyana; Ukongeza, izondlo zayo ziya kufakwa kwiingcambu.

Inyathelo nenyathelo lokulandela yile ilandelayo:

1. Okokuqala, itreyi igcwele i-substrate.
2. Emva koko, kufuneka unkcenkceshele ngononophelo.
3. Emva koko, faka imbewu enye okanye ezimbini kwisokethi nganye.
4. Emva koko uwagqume nge-substrate encinci.
5. Okokugqibela, beka ibhedi yembewu kwindawo enomthunzi okanye kwilanga elipheleleyo.
6. NGOKUZITHANDELA, kodwa kuyacetyiswa kakhulu: beka itreyi yesithole ngaphakathi kwitreyi enkulu engenayo imingxunya. Ke, xa kufuneka unkcenkceshele, kuyakufuneka ugalele amanzi kuphela kule tray yokugqibela, ugcine imbewu ikhuselekile kwaye ikwindawo.

Ukutshintshwa

Ukutshintshwa kuyakwenziwa kwangoko ukuba uyabona ukuba iingcambu ziyavela ngemingxuma yeshedi, kuxa izityalo sele zinezibini ezi-3 okanye ezi-4 zamagqabi ayinyani (kodwa kwezinye iimeko ngaphambili, kuyacetyiswa ukuba ukujongwe amaxesha ngamaxesha). Akufanele ifakwe kwakhona ngaphambi kwexesha, kuba ukuba yenziwe kukho umngcipheko wokuba iingcambu, ezibuthathaka, zingonakaliswa.

Ukubakhupha ngaphandle kwebhedi, ngokulula Kuya kufuneka unkcenkceshele kusuku olungaphambi okanye kwakusasa, kwaye ukhuphe izithole. Ukuba unayo kwitreyi yezithole, ngeminwe yesandla esinye ungacinezela phezulu; Ngale ndlela iya kuphuma iyodwa. Kwimeko apho isembizeni, unokukhetha ukubeka isitya phantsi ususe isityalo, okanye ucofe amacala aso ukuze umhlaba "uzibambe" ezindongeni kwaye uphume.

Ngoku unokukhetha ezimbini: yityale embizeni, okanye emhlabeni.

… Kwimbiza enkulu

Ukuba ufuna ukukhula ingcambu yemifuno embizeni, isikhongozeli kufuneka sibe nzulu. Kodwa ke lumka: awunyanzelekanga ukuba uyifake enkulu ngoku, kuba ukuba uyenzile, inokwenzeka ukuba iphele ngokufa ngenxa yokufuma okungaphezulu. Ke ukuze uchaneke ngokuchanekileyo, kuya kufuneka uyiphinde uyiphindaphinde, uyibeke kwimbiza enkulu.

Yenza oku kulandelayo:

1. Okokuqala, kufuneka ugcwalise imbiza nge-substrate yendalo yonke okanye i-mulch.
2. Emva koko amanzi.
3. Emva koko, yenza umngxunya embindini ngeminwe yakho umzekelo.
4. Emva koko, faka isityalo.
5. Okokugqibela, gqibezela imbiza kwaye, ukuba ubona kufanelekile, unkcenkceshele kwakhona.

Beka isityalo ngaphandle, kwaye kwindawo apho iya kufakwa elangeni.

... kwigadi yeziqhamo

Kwimeko apho ufuna ukukhula ingcambu yemifuno egadini, kuya kufuneka ulandele eli nyathelo ngenyathelo:

1. Okokuqala kwaye okubaluleke kakhulu kukulungisa umhlaba. Susa amatye, ingca, ufakele isichumiso kwizilwanyana ezitya utyani (umzekelo, inkuku okanye inkomo, ukuba kunokwenzeka yomile).
2. Emva koko, xuba umgquba kunye neharika, kwaye uthathe ithuba lokulinganisa umhlaba kancinci.
3. Ngoku lixesha lokuba sifakele inkqubo yokunkcenkceshela, esikucebisa ukuba siyijikeleze ukuze siwasebenzise kakuhle amanzi.
4. Inyathelo elilandelayo alunyanzelekanga kodwa kuyacetyiswa kakhulu, kwaye kukubeka umnatha wokulwa nokhula (uyathengiswa apha). Oku kuyakuthintela ukhula ekukhuleni phakathi kwezityalo zakho.
5. Emva koko, tyala izityalo zakho kumgama omalunga nee-intshi ezi-20 inye, kwimiqolo eyahlulwe ubuncinane ngee-intshi ezili-30.
6. Okokugqibela, amanzi.

Ukhathalelo lwezityalo kunye nolondolozo

Nje ukuba babe sezimbizeni zabo okanye emhlabeni, kufuneka ubanyamekele. Ingcambu yemifuno ngokubanzi inezinga lokukhula kancinci, kodwa oko akuthethi ukuba azidingi zondlo okanye manzi. Ukuze bangasweli nto, kufuneka ukuba kwenziwe uthotho lwemisebenzi:

• Unkcenkceshelo: Ubuninzi bokunkcenkceshela buya kuxhomekeka kwizinto ezininzi, ezinje ngemozulu. Ke, kwiindawo ezifudumeleyo nezomileyo kuyimfuneko ukuba unkcenkceshele rhoqo, kodwa ukuba imvula ina rhoqo, akuyi kubakho mfuneko yokuba unkcenkceshele kangako. Kwimeko apho unokuthandabuza, jonga ukufuma komhlaba ngemitha okanye ngokufaka intonga yomthi yonke indlela eya ezantsi.
• Umbhalisi: Ngexesha lonke lonyaka kucetyiswa kakhulu ukuchumisa imifuno yengcambu, ihlala inezichumiso eziphilayo, ezinje nge guano (iyathengiswa apha), umgquba okanye umgquba weenkomo.
• Ukuthintela izinambuzane: ukubekwa kwemigibe emthubi (iyathengiswa apha) kunye nezinye ngombala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka (ziyathengiswa Akukho mveliso ifunyenweyo), kunye nonyango lothintelo kunye nomhlaba we-diatomaceous (oya kuthi usasazeke kwisityalo, kwaye amaxesha ngamaxesha kuso kwaye ungathenga apha), iya kunceda ukuyigcina ikhuselekile kwizinambuzane ezininzi ezinokuba yingozi kuyo, ezinje ngee-aphids, mealybugs okanye spider mites.
• Ukususwa kokhulaAyikuko kuphela kuba bekhuphisana nemifuno yengcambu, kodwa nangenxa yokuba banokuba yindawo yokuhlala izinambuzane ezinokuba zizitshabalalisi.

Iindidi zemifuno yengcambu

Sithethile malunga nokulima nokhathalelo, kodwa… yintoni ingcambu yemifuno? Zityalwa nini na? Kolu luhlu unezinye:

I-Celery

El isileri, ogama lakhe lezenzululwazi Apium amangcwaba, Sisityalo esimalunga neesentimitha ezingama-30 ukuphakama, esilinywa ngokubanzi ngenxa yengcambu, enkulu, malunga neesentimitha ezingama-20, kunye ne-bulbous. Elona xesha lilungileyo lokuhlwayela kusebusika, nangona ingakhula nyani unyaka wonke.

Ajo

El igalikhi, ogama lakhe lezenzululwazi IAllium sativum, yinto engapheliyo efikelela kubude beesentimitha ezingama-30. Iingcambu zawo ziisentimitha ezingama-50 ubunzulu, ke ngoko ifuna umhlaba okanye imbiza enzulu kakhulu. I-bulb yahlulwe yangamacandelo okanye amazinyo atyiwayo. Uhlwayelwa ebusika (phakathi okanye emva kwexesha).

Iipatata emnandi

La izambane eliswiti, ogama lakhe lezenzululwazi Ipomoea ibhatata, sisityalo esihlala sinyuka eluhlaza esinokulinganisa iimitha ezi-4 okanye nangaphezulu ukuphakama. Ivelisa iintyatyambo ze-lilac, zihlala zibakho ngexesha lentwasahlobo, kodwa eyona nto inomdla kuthi yingcambu yayo: ezi zinde kwaye zishinyene. Uhlwayelwa entwasahlobo.

I-anyanisi

La anyanisi, ogama lakhe lezenzululwazi iallium cepaNgumjikelezo wesityalo ojikeleze iminyaka emibini. Ikhula ukuya kwi-150 yeesentimitha ukuphakama, kwaye kunyaka wayo wokuqala wobomi ivelisa ibhalbhu enokutyiwa emalunga neesentimitha ezi-4 ububanzi. Njengegalikhi, Uhlwayelwa ebusika, nangona inokwenziwa nasekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo.

Vuza

El Vuza, ogama lakhe lezenzululwazi IAllium ampeloprasum var. isidudu, sisityalo esine-herbaceous esikwiminyaka emibini esinokulinganisa malunga nemitha enye ukuphakama. Sivelisa ibhalbhu emhlophe encinci enencasa efana netswele, kwaye Uhlwayelwa ebusika.

Radish

El isithombo, ogama lakhe lezenzululwazi URaphanus sativusSisityalo sonyaka okanye seminyaka emibini esifikelela kubude obuqikelelweyo kangangeesentimitha ezingama-20 ukuya kwi-100. Ivelisa iingcambu ezityiwa njenge mifuno. Ikhulile unyaka wonke, nangona kuyacetyiswa ukuhlwayela ngaphezulu entwasahlobo.

Ikherothi

La isanqante, ogama lakhe lezenzululwazi I-Daucus carotaIsityalo esine-biennial herbaceous esivelisa ingcambu ye-napiform ye-orenji, tyheli, mhlophe okanye mfusa kuxhomekeke kudidi. Isivuno esifanelekileyo, sicebisa ukuba sihlwayele imbewu kwasekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo.

Njengoko ubona, zininzi iintlobo zemifuno yengcambu. Ukulima kwayo kulula, kodwa siyathemba ukuba eli nqaku liluncedo kuwe ukufumana izityalo ezisempilweni.