Izityalo ezimuncu: ukhathalelo kunye nohlobo

Izityalo ezimuncu zezo xa sibona kwindawo yokugcina abantwana, ngekhe sikuphephe ubuncinci ukuzijonga. Uninzi lwethu, emva kokubakhangela okwethutyana, lubathatha kwaye emva koko ulufake enqwelweni. Mahle, kwaye nenkathalo ayifunayo ilula.

Kukho amakhulu eentlobo zezilwanyana ezivela e-Afrika naseMelika, nangona zikhona ezinye ezithandwa kakhulu ezivela eYurophu, ezinje ngeSempervivum, izityalo ezincinci ezihlala ngokwamaqela ezihlala zingadluli iisentimitha ezintathu ukuphakama, kwaye ukuxhathisa kwazo kubanda kuyamangalisa ngenene, kuba bayakwazi ukumelana ukuya kwi - 20ºC. Ngaba awungethandi ukwazi ukuba yintoni ukhathalelo lweeSucculents? Ngale ndlela uya kuhlala ukwazi ukonwabela yonke imifuno ... kunye nolunye uhlobo.

Zinyamekelwa njani iisucculents?

Las isetyu zizityalo ezifuna inkathalo encinci. Ngesi sizathu, bahlala beyintandokazi kwabo bangenalo ixesha elininzi lokunyamekela izityalo, okanye abanamava amaninzi kwaye bafuna ukuqala ngezimbalwa ezilula.

Ngoku, kwaye apha ndiza kuzimisela kancinci, yimpazamo ukucinga ukuba banokuphila ngamanzi amancinci kakhulu. Ngokusekwe kumava am, zikhona ezinye izityalo ezinganyangekiyo kwimbalela, ezinje IYucca, ezifuna ukunkcenkceshela ngamanye amaxesha (okoko zityaliwe emhlabeni). Kodwa asizukuphambuka.

Ukuba ne-cacti kunye nee-succulents kwipatio okanye egadini kunokuba ngamava amnandi kakhulu, kuba kukwakho iintlobo ezininzi ezivelisa iintyatyambo ezinexabiso eliphezulu lokuhombisa. Lo nto, masibone ukuba bafuna ntoni:

Kuphi ukubeka iisucculents?

I-Succulents, oko kukuthi, i-cacti kunye izityalo ezimnandi, bafuna ukukhanya kakhulu. Ngapha koko, sesona sizathu siphambili sokuba kungakhuthazwa ukukhula kwabo ngaphakathi. Uzibeka phi ke? Ngaphandle rhoqo. Kwimeko apho bekukho iqabaka, kuya kufuneka ukuba ujonge ukubanabo ngaphakathi kwekhaya, okanye kwigreenhouse; kodwa unyaka wonke kukhethwa ukuba bangaphandle.

Ngaba badinga ilanga okanye umthunzi?

Omnye umbuzo osoloko ubuzwa kukuba ingaba ii-cacti kunye nee-succulents kufuneka zibekwe elangeni okanye emthunzini. Impendulo yile hambisa. Uninzi uninzi ludinga ilanga ngqo, kodwa kukho abanye abakhetha umthunzi, njenge Haworthia, I-Sanseviera, Schlumbergera, Ceropegia, Gasteria okanye iSempervivum.

Xa ungathandabuzeki, kuya kuhlala kungcono ukuwabeka emthunzini oqaqambileyo; Oko kukuthi, kwindawo apho kukho ukukhanya okuninzi kodwa kungenelanga ngqo. Ukuba uza kufuna ukufumana ngaphakathi ezindlini, sicebisa ukuba ukhethe ezinye ezikhetha umthunzi, ezinje ngezo sele zikhankanyiwe. Zibeke kwigumbi eliqaqambileyo, kude nefestile, kwaye ujikeleze imbiza yonke imihla ukuze ukukhanya kufikelele kuwo onke amalungu ngokulinganayo.

Zingaphi izihlandlo ezincanciswayo?

Iya kuxhomekeka kwixesha lonyaka, kodwa Ngokubanzi kufuneka unkcenkceshelwe kabini ngeveki ehlotyeni, kwaye kanye ngeveki unyaka wonke. Ewe kunjalo, kufuneka kuthathelwe ingqalelo ukuba amanzi agqithisileyo abangela umonakalo omkhulu kwiingcambu zawo, ke kungcono ukuba umhlaba umile phakathi kokunkcenkceshela kunye nokulandelayo ukuze kungabikho ngxaki.

Ngokunjalo, ngalo lonke ixesha uchukumisa amanzi, kuya kufuneka ugalele amanzi emhlabeni. Kananjalo kuya kufuneka uyenze de ibe ifumile kakuhle; Oko kukuthi, ide iphume ngemingxunya embizeni, okanye ide ibonakale ukuba imanzi kakhulu.

Iimpawu zokunqongophala okanye ukugqitha kunkcenkceshelo kwi-cacti kunye nee-succulents

Zombini izityalo ze-cacti kunye nenyama zinobunzima xa zinxaniwe kakhulu, kwaye xa, ngokuchaseneyo, zinamanzi amaninzi. Ezi ziimpawu abaza kuzibonisa:

• Ukungabikho konkcenkceshelo:
  • ukuhla kwegqabi (kwii-succulents)
  • ukunciphisa umzimba wesityalo (kwi-cacti)
  • ukukhula kancinci okanye ukungabikho
  • i-substrate eyomileyo kakhulu okanye ukungakwazi ukufunxa amanzi
  • iingcambu ezomileyo
  • Ukubonakala kwezinambuzane (i-mealybugs ziqhelekile, kodwa ii-aphids kunye nezigcawu zesigcawu azinakukhutshelwa ngaphandle)
• Ukunkcenkceshela kakhulu:
  • Iziqu ezithambileyo okanye ezibolileyo, ezinokugoba
  • ukuhla kwegqabi (kwii-succulents)
  • usulelo lokungunda (isityalo sinokuba nokubumba okumhlophe okanye ngwevu)
  • iingcambu ezimdaka okanye ezimnyama
  • ukukhula zero
  • substrate ene-verdin
  • kwaye ngamanye amaxesha ziyaqhakaza ukuzama ukuvelisa imbewu

Inyangwa njani? Kulungile, ukuba isityalo sinxaniwe, into esingayenza kukugalela amanzi amaninzi kuyo. Ukuba isembizeni, siya kuyibeka kwisitya okanye ikhonteyina enamanzi, kwaye siya kuyishiya apho kangangemizuzu engama-30 ide ifunxwe kakuhle. Kwaye ukuba isemhlabeni, siya kwenza umthi ukuba uyijikeleze kwaye sigalele amanzi amaninzi. Ukuba kukho imiqondiso yesibetho, singayinyanga nge-diatomaceous earth, umzekelo, into ebulala izinambuzane kwindalo kwaye isebenza kakhulu.

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukuba into eyenzeka kuye kukuba uyatshonaKwimeko apho isembizeni, siya kuyikhupha kwaye sigubungele isonka somhlaba ngephepha lekhitshi elifunxayo. Ukuba yonke into iba manzi ngokukhawuleza, siya kuyisusa kwaye sibeke iphepha elitsha. Emva koko siya kuyishiya kanjalo ubusuku obunye. Ngomso olandelayo, siya kuyityalela embizeni entsha ngomxube wepeat emnyama ene-perlite kwiindawo ezilinganayo, okanye ngomhlaba wecactus. Njengonyango lothintelo okanye lokunyanga ukuba sele zikhona iimpawu, sinokufaka isibulali ntsholongwane kwiifungi.

Nguwuphi owona mhlaba ulungele izitshizi?

Ezi zizityalo ezithi zikhula ekukhanyeni, kumhlaba ococekileyo. Ke ngoko, sicebisa ukuba batyale kwimihlaba okanye kwimiqolo ehlangabezana nezi mpawu. Ukuba uza kukhetha ukuba babe neembiza, kuya kufuneka uyazi ukuba umxube osemgangathweni yipeat emnyama eneperlite kwiindawo ezilinganayo (iyathengiswa apha). Nangona kunjalo, banokugcwaliswa ngomhlaba wecactus esemgangathweni (njenge yi), okanye ndisebenzisa ipumice yodwa (iyathengiswa aphaUkuba ukufuma kuphezulu kakhulu kwaye / okanye kunetha rhoqo.

Nini kunye nendlela yokutshintsha i-cacti kunye ne-succulents?

Ngentwasahlobo. Inokwenziwa ehlotyeni ukuba zizityalo ezinobunzima, umzekelo, ngenxa yonkcenkceshelo olugqithisileyo okanye ngenxa yokuba zikhula emhlabeni okanye kumhlaba ongafaki okanye ucofe amanzi ngokukhawuleza. Kodwa nakweyiphi na imeko kubalulekile ukuba iingcambu zingalawulwa kakhulu, kwaye zingeniswe ngokukhawuleza kwimbiza yazo entsha okanye kumngxunya wokutyala.

Soloko usebenzisa iigloves ukukhusela izandla zethu, ngakumbi ukuba i-cactus enameva kufuneka ifakwe kwenye indawo. Ukuba zizityalo ezinkuluKuyacetyiswa ukuba ubakhusele nge-cork kwaye ngaphezulu kokubeka ikhadibhodi eya kuthi incamathele kwisityalo ngeentambo, kwaye abantu ababini basishukumise.

Kwimeko apho zincinci iisucculentsKuya kufuneka sibabambe ngesandla esinye emazantsi, kunye nesinye, cinezela imbiza kancinci ukuze umhlaba ubotshwe kuyo. Emva koko, sinokubathatha ngesonka esisemhlabeni, kwaye sibazise ngembiza entsha okanye emhlabeni ngokulula. Ewe kunjalo, kuya kufuneka uqiniseke ukuba aziphezulu kakhulu okanye ziphantsi kakhulu.

Zithini izinambuzane nezifo zesucculents?

I-Cacti kunye nezityalo ezinamanzi zinokuba ngamaxhoba ezitshabalalisi kunye nezifo, ngakumbi xa zibuthathaka ngenxa yesizathu esithile (ukuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni, uxinzelelo ngenxa yengqele okanye ubushushu, ukunqongophala kwendawo). Ke ngoko, siza kukuxelela ukuba zeziphi izitshabalalisi kunye nezifo abanokuba nazo:

• Izinambuzane: Mealybugs, aphids, spider mites, whiteflies, snails, slugs. Zonke zinokulawulwa ngamayeza okubulala izitshabalalisi, njenge-diatomaceous earth (iyathengiswa Akukho mveliso ifunyenweyookanye ioyile yememu (iyathengiswa apha).
• Izifo: umhlwa, iphytophthora, isikhutha, enye into. Ezi ziphathwa ngamayeza okubulala ukungunda njenge Akukho mveliso ifunyenweyo.

Ziphindaphindeka njani iisucculents?

Unokufumana izityalo ezitsha ukuba uziphindaphinda ngembewu, i-suckers, i-cuttings kunye nehlumela. Kule vidiyo sithetha ngendlela yokwenza ngokulula:

Iindidi zesucculents zabaqalayo

Ukugqiba, ukuba ufuna ukwazi ukuba zeziphi ezona ndlela zilula zokuzikhathalela, emva koko siza kukubonisa ukhetho lwethu:

Cactus

Ukugxila kwi-cacti, zininzi eziza kukunika ulonwabo oluninzi, olunje:

• I-Astrophytum asterias: yi-cactus yeglobular engenameva enobude obufikelela kwiisentimitha ezili-10 ububanzi ukuya kuthi ga kwiisentimitha ezi-5 ukuphakama, ezineentyatyambo ezimthubi ezihluma entwasahlobo. Kuya kufuneka uyibeke kwilanga elipheleleyo ukuze ikhule. Inqaba ukuya kwi -3ºC. Bona ifayile.
• I-Echinocactus grusonii: Yaziwa njengesihlalo sikamazala. Iqala globular, kodwa kule minyaka idlulileyo ikhula ngokuthe nkqo, ifikelela kuma-70-80 iisentimitha ukuphakama malunga neesentimitha ezingama-50 ububanzi. Inentsiba emthubi okanye emhlophe kuxhomekeke kudidi, kwaye ifuna ilanga. Inqaba ukuya kwi -4ºC. Bona ifayile.

• Mammillaria elongata: yincactus encinci enobude obuziisentimitha ezingama-30, ineziqu zezilinda kunye nezipinki, ezineentsika ezibomvu-orenji, okanye tyheli. Inee-florets ezincinci ezi-0,5-sentimitha ezihluma entwasahlobo. Inqaba ukuya kwi -5ºC. Bona ifayile.
• IPachycereus pringlei: Yikhadon efanelekileyo yegadi ezinkulu. Inomkhwa we-shrubby, ene-columnar kunye ne-spiny stems ezinokulinganisa i-5-6 yeemitha ukuphakama. Inokufana okuthile kwi-saguaro, kodwa ikhula ngokukhawuleza okukhulu kwaye imelana nengqele ngcono, yehla ukuya -3ºC. Bona ifayile.

Isucculents

Ukuba sithetha ngee-succulents, iingcebiso zethu zezi zilandelayo:

• IAeonium arboreumI-Aeonio sisityalo esihle kakhulu esineziqu zezilinda kunye namagqabi erosette anombala oluhlaza okanye obomvu-mdaka kuxhomekeke kudidi olufikelela kubude obuyi-30-50 cm. Iyadubula entwasahlobo-ehlotyeni, ivelisa iintyatyambo ezimthubi. Inqaba ukuya kwi -5ºC. Bona ifayile.
• I-Haworthiopsis fasciata (ngaphambi kwayo IHaworthia fasciata): yincindi encinci enencasa, efikelela kubude obuziisentimitha eziyi-5-7, kwaye ine-lanceolate kunye namagqabi anenyama. Yenza amaqela amalunga neesentimitha ezingama-30, kwaye idubula entwasahlobo ivelisa iintyatyambo ezimhlophe. Ikwafuna umthunzi, kwaye iyaxhathisa ukuya kwi--2ºC okwexeshana. Bona ifayile.

• ISedum palmeri: luhlobo oluhle lwezityalo onokuba nazo kwiimbiza ezijingayo. Unamagqabi aluhlaza anemiphetho epinki, kunye neentyatyambo ezimthubi ezivela kwintwasahlobo-ehlotyeni. Inqaba ukuya kuthi ga kwi -15ºC. Bona ifayile.
• ISempervivum tectorum: Ngokwenyani yonke iSempervivum ilungile, kodwa i-S. tectorum ihlala ifumaneka ngokulula kwii-nursery. Sisityalo esenza amaqela, kwaye sinamagqabi erosette aluhlaza. Iintyatyambo zityheli, kwaye eyona nto intle kukuba iyamelana ukuya kuthi ga kwi-20ºC. Kuya kufuneka ibekwe kwisithunzi esimnyama. Bona ifayile.

Ucinga ntoni ngeesucuculents?