Yonke into ofuna ukuyifumana malunga ne-succulents

Xa sithetha ngezihluzi sibhekisa kuthotho lwezityalo ezihlala kwindawo apho imvula ingaqhelekanga rhoqo. Ukusinda, into abayenzileyo ibikukutshintsha kancinci kancinci, ngaphezulu kwamawaka nakwizigidi zeminyaka, amagqabi kunye / okanye izikhondo kwiindawo zokugcina amanzi. Enkosi kwezi ndawo zibekekileyo ziyakwazi ukukhula entlango.

Kodwa kukho ukudideka okuninzi malunga nokuba yintoni isetyu, kwaye nangakumbi ukhathalelo abaludingayo. Ukuzama ukuzisombulula siza kukunika inqaku elizenza ngathi lilo isikhokelo mega kwezi zityalo zibalaseleyo kule bhlog, Jardinería On.

Zithini izityalo ezinencasa?

Ukuba siqala kwikota, esimnandi, sivela kwi-Latin suculentus ethetha ukuba inencasa kakhulu. Oku kuthetha ukuba kukho indawo enye okanye ngaphezulu kwisityalo (amagqabi, iziqu, isiqu) evumela ukugcinwa kwamanzi ngezixa ezikhulu kakhulu ngaphezu kwezinye izityalo.

Zizahlulahlulwa zantathu iindidi: icacti, isucculents kunye nezityalo ezineecaudex okanye izityalo zecaudiciform.

Cactus

I-Cacti zizityalo ezo, ngokubanzi, sinokuthi zibonakaliswa ngameva adala umonakalo omkhulu kwabo banobuganga bokuzichukumisa, okanye ngokungakhathali bazikhuhla kubo. Kodwa, Ungathini ukuba ndikuxelele ukuba ameva ayilulo uphawu lolu hlobo lweesucculents?

Awungekhe undikholelwe, andithi? Ndiyayiqonda, kodwa… ukuba kunje kufuneka ndikuxelele into: kukho iintlobo ezingenazo iintsiba okanye ezinazo ngokufutshane kangangokuba zingabonakali. Imizekelo mininzi: Astrophytum asterias, Astrophytum cv Nudum, Echinopsis subdenudata, Trichocereus pachanoi, Myrtillocactus geometrizans, Lophophora williamsii kunye neL. Diffussa,...

Ameva aluncedo kakhulu kwezo zityalo zinazo: Ziyabakhusela kancinane elangeni, zithintela izilwanyana ekuzityeni kwaye ziyabanceda nokuqokelela amanzi amaninzi. Ngawaphi amanzi? Umbethe, kunjalo. Amaconsi ahlala kuwo onke amalungu e-cactus, nakwameva athi, xa ekhula kancinci phezulu, amanzi atyibilike ngakwisityalo, apho anokufunxwa khona yimingxunya enayo kumphezulu wayo.

Yintoni ekufuneka sijongile xa sifuna ukwazi ukuba isityalo sisiqhamo se-cactus okanye esinye esimnandi? Kwi areolas. Ukusuka kubo, ameva avela - ukuba banazo- kunye neentyatyambo. Zikwiimbambo, ezizizakhiwo eziyilelwe ngokukodwa ukunqanda ukulahleka okugqithisileyo kwamanzi ngomphunga.

ICacti ithatha iintlobo ezimbini zeemilo: ikholam, ukubanakho ukufikelela kubude obufikelela kwiimitha ezilishumi, okanye jikelele, kodwa kufanele ukuba kuqatshelwe ukuba ezinye ziiepiphyteythi, ezinje ngeSchlumbergera, kunye nezinye ezenza amaqela asebenza kunye, Mamillaria elongata umzekelo.

Bavela eMelika, ngakumbi kwindawo esembindini.

Isucculents

Iisucculents, iisucculents okanye ii-non-cacti succulents zezo zamkela iimilo kwaye zinemibala enokuthi iphosakele ngokulula kwimisebenzi emincinci eyenziwe ngumculi. Ngethamsanqa kuthi (mhlawumbi hayi kangako kwiipokotho zethu) zizinto eziphilayo, njengoko siza kubona kamva, zilula ukuzinyamekela.

Bahluke njani kwiCacti? Ngokukodwa, kwizinto ezimbini: azinazo ii-areoles kwaye iintyatyambo zihluma kwisiphelo sesipheloOko kukuthi, nje ukuba iintyatyambo zibune, isiqu naso. Amagqabi kunye / okanye iziqu ziyinyama, kwaye zinokubakho ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo: zandisiwe, ngaphezulu okanye ngaphantsi zicabalele, zikhule ngohlobo lwe rosette, zibhityile, ... Kukho ezinye ezinento efana nameva, I-Euphorbia enopla, kodwa ezi aziveli kwii-areola, kodwa kwisikhondo uqobo.

Kakhulu, ibandakanya izityalo compact, engagqithiyo kumasentimitha angamashumi amathathu okanye amashumi amane ukuphakama. Nangona kunjalo, kukho ezinye ezinesimo esimdaka, ezinobude obufikelela kwiimitha ezimbini okanye nangaphezulu, njengoko kunjalo kwimeko ICrassula ovata.

Bahlala e-Afrika, nangona banokufumaneka eYurophu.

Izityalo kunye necaudex

Okokugqibela, sinezityalo ezine-caudex okanye i-caudiciforms. Sesinye sezona zityalo zinomdla, kuba kubonakala ngathi zizityalo, masithi, ziqhelekileyo, zinamagqabi kunye neentyatyambo eziqhelekileyo, kodwa isiqu ... isiqu senza into engenakwenziwa ngumthi: gcina amanzi ngesixa esikhulu.

Ngenxa yenkqubo yokulungelelanisa, banokumelana nexesha elide lembalela ngokufanelekileyo. Ngapha koko, ukuba banengxaki, kukho iintlobo ezikhetha ukubingelela amasebe. Ewe, ewe: ukuba basengxakini, bayayeka ukondla isebe kwaye balahle. Emva koko batywina inxeba, kunye ne-voila. Ngale ndlela, akukho mfuneko yokuba bachithe amanzi amaninzi kangako.

Singazifumana e-Afrika, eyona idumileyo yeyokuba Adenium ukutyeba (Intlango yenyuka), fockea EDULIS y ICyphostemma juttae.

Banyanyekelwa njani?

Ngoku ukuba ngaphezulu okanye ngaphantsi sinoluvo lokuba nganye yeesucculents injani, lixesha lokuba uqhubele kwinkathalo abayifunayo. Xa sifuna ukuba nengqokelela encinci, okanye ukuba sifuna ukuba nezityalo ezinobumba kufuneka sigcine engqondweni ukuba kuya kuba yimfuneko banike uthotho lokuqwalaselwa ukuze bajongeke kwaye babe sempilweni. Ke ngoko, emva kweminyaka emininzi ndiyihlakulela, ndiza kuncomela oku kulandelayo:

Beka iisucculents zakho kwindawo eqaqambileyo

Ukuze ukhule kwaye ube nophuhliso olugqwesileyo, le yeyona nto ibaluleke kakhulu ukwazi. Azikhuli kakuhle kwindawo ezinomthunziNakuleyo apho bangafumani malanga ngqo ubuncinci beeyure ezintlanu. Ewe kunjalo, ukuba bathe bathengwa kwindawo yokugcina abantwana apho babekhuselwe kwinkosi yenkwenkwezi, akufuneki babhengezwe kuye ngequbuliso kuba kungenjalo baya kutsha.

Ukuze baqhelane nayo kancinci kancinci, iiveki ezimbini bazakubekwa kwindawo apho ilanga likhanya kangangeyure, ezimbini kwezona zininzi. Iveki yesithathu neyesine, siya kwandisa ixesha lokuvezwa ngu-1-2h. Kaninzi; njalo njalo ngokuthe ngcembe de sibashiye imini yonke. Ukuba sibona amabala abomvu okanye omdaka eqala ukuvela, siya kuhamba kancinci kancinci. Oku kufuneka kwenziwe entwasahlobo, xa ilanga lingekaqini kakhulu.

Kukho okwahlukileyo kwaye kunjalo I-Haworthia. Ezi succulents zikhetha ukuba semthunzini omnyama, ngaphandle kokukhanya ngokuthe ngqo.

Sebenzisa ii-substrates ezinamanzi amahle kakhulu

Umhlaba apho bakhula khona kwindawo yabo yendalo uyisanti, kunye nogqweso inkqubo yogutyulo. Awunakho ukubeka i-substrate engacoci amanzi kakuhle kuba ukuba wenzayo, iingcambu ziya kubola. Kungenxa yoko le nto mna ngokwam Ndicebisa ukuba usebenzise ipumice, okanye ukuba awukwazi ukuyifumana, ipeat emnyama exutywe nayo perlite, arlite okanye isanti yomlambo ihlanjwe kwiindawo ezilinganayo.

Olunye ukhetho kukuthenga i-substrate esele yenziwe sele ilungiselelwe i-cacti, kodwa ngamanye amaxesha ayinalo idreyini abathi banayo. Xa ungathandabuzeki, kukhethwa ukuba uxutywe kunye nazo naziphi na izinto ezichazwe apha ngasentla (udongwe, iperlite, isanti yomlambo).

Amanzi xa i-substrate isomile

Ukunkcenkceshela kubaluleke kakhulu kuzo zonke izityalo. Ngexesha lasehlotyeni kufuneka unkcenkceshelwe umndilili kabini ngeveki, kwaye phakathi enyakeni umndilili omnye. Kodwa kuya kufuneka uyazi ukuba amaza amaxesha ngamaxesha aya kuxhomekeka ngakumbi kwimozulu esinayo kwaye i-substrate ihlala imanzi ixesha elingakanani.

Ke, ukuze kungabikho zingxaki, kuya kufuneka ujonge ukufuma ngokwenza nayiphi na kwezi zinto:

• Yazisa ngentonga ebhityileyo eyenziwe ngomthi: ukuba iphuma icocekile xa ikhutshwa, siya kusinkcenkceshela njengoko i-substrate yomile.
• Sebenzisa imitha yokufuma yedijithali: xa ingeniswa emhlabeni, iya kusixelela kwangoko ukuba imanzi okanye hayi. Ndicebisa ukuyazisa kwezinye iindawo (kufutshane nesityalo, kufutshane nomda wembiza) ukuyenza ithembeke ngakumbi.
• Linganisa imbiza xa sele unkcenkceshela kwaye kwakhona emva kweentsuku ezimbalwa: i-substrate enomswakama inobunzima obungaphezulu kokomileyo. Lo mahluko kubunzima unokusebenza njengesikhokelo.

Xa kufika ubusika, musa ukutyeshela ukunkcenkceshela. Akulungile ukuba bayeke imibimbi, kuba ukuba bafikelele kweli nqanaba kuya kuthetha ukuba bebenxaniwe kangangokuba kuye kwafuneka baphantse basebenzise oovimba babo bamanzi. Ukuhamba rhoqo kokunkcenkceshela kufuneka kunciphise, kodwa ungaze uvumele izityalo ziye kule ndlela igqithileyo.

Ukuba unesitya phantsi kwazo, Siza kuwasusa amanzi agqithisileyo emva kwemizuzu elishumi unkcenkceshele.

Zichole rhoqo

Ngalo lonke ixesha lokukhula, oko kukuthi, entwasahlobo nasehlotyeni, Kuya kufuneka bahlawulwe ukuze bakwazi ukukhula, ukukhula, kwaye xa ixesha lifika, bachume kwaye bavelise iziqhamo.. Abakwazi kuphila emanzini kuphela, kodwa ukuba banikwe isichumisi esingonelanga ngekhe bakwazi ukwenza lukhulu. Makhe ndichaze: apho bavela khona, akukho nanye into ebolayo yezinto eziphilayo, ke ii-succulents ziye zavela ukuze zifunxe izimbiwa ezifumaneka emhlabeni.

Ukuba sizichumisa ngezichumiso zendalo, kuyakuba ngathi akukho nto siyenzileyo, kuba abayazi ukuba bangayisebenzisa njani. Ke ngoko, kuyafuneka ukuba usebenzise izichumisi zezimbiwa, nokuba lulwelo okanye granules. Kwii-nursery esizifumanayo izichumisi zecacti kunye nazo zonke iintlobo zesucculents, kodwa sinokusebenzisa I-nitrophoska eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka okanye i-Osmocote. Ngayiphi na imeko, kufuneka silandele imiyalelo echazwe kupakisho kwaye singadluli kwidosi.

Guqula imbiza xa bayifuna

Enye yeengxaki abanazo i-succulents kukuba bahlala bengatshintshi imbiza. Kulula ukucinga ukuba zincinci kwaye azisayi kuphinda zikhule, kodwa inyani yile ukuba bachitha ixesha elininzi kwisitya esinye baphela bebuthathaka ekugqibeleni, Ukukhula kakubi kunye / okanye ukufa ngenxa yokungabikho kwendawo kunye neeminerali

Ngoko ke, Kufuneka siyitshintshe imbiza kwakamsinya sakuba sizithengile -kude kube kusentwasahlobo okanye ihlobo, kwaye azikho kwiintyatyambo- Kwaye kwakhona emva kweminyaka emibini okanye emithathu. Esi sikhongozeli singenziwa ngeplastikhi okanye ngodongwe, eyokugqibela icetyiswa ngakumbi kuba ivumela iingcambu ukuba zibambeke ngcono; Ukongeza, ihlala ixesha elide.

Ngoku, ukuba ucwangcisa ukuba nengqokelela, iiplastikhi ziphela zinenzuzo ngakumbi, ngakumbi ukuba uthenga ezo zenzelwe ukuba zingaphandle. Banamaxabiso aphezulu noko, kodwa izinto ziyamelana ngakumbi neemeko zokusingqongileyo.

Baphindaphinde entwasahlobo okanye ehlotyeni

Ukuba ufuna ukuba nemizekelo emitsha sinokwenza oku kulandelayo: hlwayela imbewu yabo okanye usike. Uqhubeka njani kwimeko nganye?:

Imbewu

Ukuhlwayela imbewu yenza oku kulandelayo:

1. Into yokuqala ekufuneka uyenzile kukugcwalisa imbiza ene-substrate eyomileyo, njengale besesiyitshilo ngaphambili.
2. Emva koko, inkcenkceshelwa ngesazela, isinyakamisa kakuhle.
3. Emva koko, imbewu isasazeka ngaphezulu, izama ukwahlulwa kancinane.
4. Emva koko zigutyungelwe ngumaleko omncinci kakhulu we-substrate.
5. Okokugqibela, ibhedi yembewu ibekwa ngaphakathi kwipleyiti enethunzi okanye itreyi, kugalelwe amanzi etreyini.

Ixesha lokuhluma liyahluka ukusuka kolunye uhlobo ukuya kolunye. Ezinye zithatha iintsuku ezintathu kwaye kukho ezinye ezinokuthatha iinyanga ezimbini.

Ukusika

Nokuba ziyiziqu okanye amagqabi, Kuyacetyiswa ukuba ulandele la manyathelo:

1. Kuqala kufuneka ukhethe ezo zisiki (amagqabi okanye iziqu) ezibonakala ziphilile kwaye zomelele.
2. Ke imbiza izaliswe yi-substrate efanelekileyo.
3. Emva koko babekwa belele phantsi embizeni, isiphelo sibabambe kunye nesityalo sikamama sangcwatywa kancinci. Kwimeko yokusikwa kwe-Aeonium, banokutyalwa ngqo ngaphandle kwengxaki.
4. Emva koko, inkcenkceshelwa ngamanzi.
5. Ekugqibeleni, imbiza ibekwa kwindawo apho ilanga lithe ngqo khona.

Kwimicimbi yeentsuku ezimbalwa (iveki okanye ezimbini kwezona zininzi) baya kuthatha iingcambu.

Bakhusele kwizitshabalalisi nakwizifo

Nangona zizityalo ezinganyangekiyo kwizitshabalalisi nakwizifo, kufuneka ubukele iimollusk (isineyile y slugs) kwaye i ntwala. Ezokuqala ziyakwazi ukuzitya kwisithuba seentsuku ezimbalwa, kwaye ezokugqibela zizizinambuzane ezondla iintyatyambo kunye neentyatyambo ezingavulwanga. Ukuze ubaphathe kufuneka usebenzise izinambuzane ezithile, okanye ezendalo ezinje ioyile yemem.

Kuya kufuneka ulumke ungasebenzisi manzi ngokugqithisileyo, kuba ngokwenza njalo iingcambu zaziya kufuthaniseleka zize izityalo zibole ngokukhawuleza. Ukuba sibona ukuba baqala ukuthamba kakhulu, siya kuyinqumlela impilo yabo, siya kubasusa kwiimbiza kwaye siza kuvumela owomileyo ukuba wome ngokupheleleyo ngaphambi kokutyala kwakhona.

Qaphela ukubanda kunye neqabaka

Uninzi ayimelani nengqele okanye amaqondo obushushu angaphantsi kwe -2ºC. Isichotho sinokubangela umonakalo omkhulu kumagqabi ee-succulents kunye ne-caudiciforms, kunye ne-cacti. Xa ungathandabuzeki, kuhlala kungcono ukubathintela ngokubagcina ngaphakathi, kwigumbi eliqaqambe kakhulu elikhuselweyo kuyilo.

Iminqweno yesucculents

Ukugqiba, makhe sibone ukuba zeziphi izinto ezinomdla kwezi zityalo zihle kangaka:

Cactus umdla

• Intsapho yaseCactaceae yenziwe iyonke Iindidi ezingama-170, Ezineendidi ezimalunga nama-2000.
• Isini IPereskia ithathwa njengeyona yakudala kuzo zonke. Unamagqabi, ii-areoles, kunye nameva, kwaye yabonakala kwiminyaka engama-40 yezigidi eyadlulayo.
• Ukuba inkqubo yeengcambu ingaphezulu, kodwa inokude ibe nde. Ikholamu, njenge ICarnegiea gigantea (ISaguaro) banokuba neengcambu ukuya kuthi ga kwi-2 yeemitha ubude.
• Yonke icacti zivelisa iintyatyambo, kodwa kwii-nursery nakwiivenkile zegadi amaxesha amaninzi bayabethwa ukuze bathengise ngaphezulu.
• El ikhompyuter yecactus (ICereus peruvianus) ayikhuseli kwimitha. Ukuze sibe luncedo ngokwenyani kuya kufuneka sibeke iisampulu zolu hlobo zigubungela ukubek'esweni konke, into ekucacileyo ukuba ayenziwanga.
• Kukho cactus hallucinogenic, njenge ipeyote (Lophophora williamusii) okanye San Pedro (UTrichocereus pachanoi). Zombini zisetyenzisiwe kumasiko e-shamanic yokuba ne-hallucinogens enamandla.
• La pear enqabileyo (I-Opuntia ficus-indica) inezixhobo zonyango: iziqhamo zayo zibukhali. Nangona ayinguye yedwa: ICorryocactus brevistylus isetyenziswa njenge laxative.
• Isaguaro (ICarnegiea gigantea) unokufikelela kwi Iilitha ezi-8000 zamanzi ngaphakathi.

Iminqweno yesucciform kunye neecaudiciforms

• Ifotosinthesisi eqhutywa yiCrassulaceae inezigaba ezibiniukukhanya okuveliswa emini kukhupha icarbon dioxide (CO2) kunye nokuvelisa ukutya, kunye nezinto zokwenziwa (ebusuku) kulapho bathi bathathe i-CO2. Yaziwa ngokuba yi-CAM photosynthesis, okanye i-crassulaceae acid metabolism.
• Los ISempervivum ungomnye wabambalwa abanakho ukumelana neqabaka ukuya kutsho -4ºC, nangona ewe, isichotho sinokubenzakalisa ngaphandle kokuba bakhuselekile.
• Las icaudiciform zizityalo ze ukukhula kancinci kakhulu. Uninzi alugqithi kwi-5cm / ngonyaka. Kungenxa yokuba baguqukele ekuziqhelaniseni nendawo apho iimeko zingalunganga kakhulu kuphuhliso olukhawulezileyo. Okwangoku, ixesha labo lokuphila lihlala lide: ngaphezulu kweminyaka engama-300.

Kwaye oku sigqibile. Ucinga ntoni ngabashushu?