I-Elm imithi egadini

Los Imithi yeelm Yimithi abathi abo bahlala kwiindawo ezinemozulu epholileyo baqhele ukuyibona, kodwa abo bahlala emazantsi kunqabile ukuba bonwabele ubuhle bolu hlobo lubalaseleyo lwezityalo, ngaphandle kwaleyo isetyenziselwa ibhonsai. Zirustic kakhulu kwaye ziyakunyamezela ukuthena kakuhle, zisenza ukhetho olunomtsalane kwigadi.

Njengomthi olungileyo ovunyiweyo wemozulu epholileyo, ekwindla ukuba amaqondo obushushu alungile, amabala amagqabi ayo abe tyheli okanye abomvu kuxhomekeke kuhlobo. Ngaba uyafuna ukwazi ngakumbi ngemithi ye-elm?

Imvelaphi kunye neempawu zemithi ye-elm

Imvelaphi yale mithi iseYurophu, eMelika, ide ifike naseAsia. Bahlala emahlathini anamaxesha onyaka ohlukileyo, ehlotyeni kunye nobusika obubandayo obuneqabaka. Ukuba kwiindawo ezininzi ezahlukeneyo zomhlaba, kwenza ukuba sikwazi ukukuqinisekisa oko inokukhula kuzo zonke iintlobo zomhlaba ngaphandle kwesanti, kwaye xhathisa iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zemozulu ngaphandle kwezitropiki. Masikhumbule ukuba imithi enqabileyo inobunzima obuninzi bokuphila kwimozulu apho kungekho mahluko phakathi kwamaxesha onyaka.

Kuxhomekeka kuhlobo, inokukhula iye kubude beemitha ezingama-30 okanye iimitha ezili-10, kwaye isithsaba sinokulinganisa ukusuka kwiimitha ezi-6 ukuya kwi-10m. Singacinga ukuba ayingomthi olungele izitiya ezincinci, kwaye ngesizathu esivakalayo, kodwa njengoko besitshilo ngaphambili, kuyakunyamezela ukuthena kakuhle kwaye yinto ekufuneka uyiqwalasele ingakumbi ukuba awunawo umhlaba omninzi okanye ukuba ufuna ukuyilawula. Kufuneka kuthathelwe ingqalelo ekhethekileyo ukuba ungayityali kufutshane nemibhobho njengoko iingcambu zayo zinokwaphula

Iindidi zemithi ye-elm

Zininzi iindidi, ezi zilandelayo zezona zaziwayo:

IGenus Ulmus

Yiyo Imithi yeelm "Yinyani" ukuthetha. Bahlala kakhulu kuMntla weIkhweyitha: iYurophu, iSiberia, iJapan, ukuya kufikelela naseMexico. Ziyimithi enqabileyo okanye enemithi eqinileyo, eneendawo eziphakamileyo zihlala zingaphezulu kweemitha ezili-10.

ulmus glabra

Yaziwa njenge imontane elm okanye i-elm yentaba, kwaye ngumthi onqabileyo okhula kwimimandla yeentaba zaseYurophu. Ifikelela kubude beemitha ezingama-40, kwaye inesithsaba esinyinyitheka kakhulu esenziwe ngamagqabi alula kunye nelinye.

ulmus pumila

Yaziwa njenge I-elm yaseSiberia, ngumthi onqabileyo ifikelela kwiimitha ezingama-25 ukuphakama. Indebe yayo imxinwa kwaye ivulekile ngakumbi kunaleyo ye- U-glabrous, kwaye indulu kakhulu. Ikhula endle kwimpuma yeSiberia, emantla e-China, e-India nase Korea.

Ulmus omncinci

El Elm eqhelekileyo okanye i-negrillo ngumthi onqabileyo, ngaphandle kwegama lawo »encinci" inokufikelela kwiimitha ezili-40 ukuphakama. Inzalelwane eYurophu, kubandakanya iSpain (ngaphandle kwamachiza amachiza amachaphaza apho yaziswa khona kwaye yajongwa njengesiqhelo), kunye nakuMntla Afrika naseNtshona yeAsia.

ulmus laevis

Yaziwa njenge ukungcangcazela, i-elm okanye i-elm emhlophe yaseYurophu. Ngumthi onqabileyo omalunga neemitha ezingama-30 ukuya kuma-35 ukuphakama, kunye nesithsaba esincinci esincinci kunye nesincinci.

Uhlobo lukaZelkova

Los Zelkova Bazalelwe kumazantsi eYurophu bafikelela kwiMpuma yeAsia, kwaye ukuphakama kwabo kuphakathi kweemitha ezimbiniZelkova sicula) ukuya kuthi ga ngaphezulu kweemitha ezingama-35.

Zelkova parvifolia

Ikwaziwa njenge Ulmus parvifolia (Eli ligama lesayensi elichanekileyo ngoku, ke liyinxalenye ye-Ulmus genus hayi iZelkova). Ibizwa ngokuba yi-Chinese elm, kwaye luhlobo lwendalo e-Asiya, ngakumbi i-China, i-Japan, i-Korea ne-Vietnam. Ifikelela kwiimitha ezingama-20, kwaye inokuba yinto enqabileyo okanye enesiqingatha esihlala iluhlaza ngokuxhomekeke kwimozulu.

Zelkova hayi

Lo ngumthi ongayi kuwufumana kwindalo. Elinye lamagama anikwe umhlanganisi we Ulmus parvifoliakubizwa Ulmus parvifolia 'Nire-keyaki'. Yahlukile kuhlobo lwendidi ngesithsaba sayo, esigcwele abantu ngamagqabi amancinci.

Zelkova Serrata

Yaziwa njenge zelkova waseJapan, kwaye uvela eJapan, Korea, kwimpuma yeChina naseTaiwan. Ifikelela kubude beemitha ezi-20 ukuya kwezi-35, kwaye inesithsaba esivulekileyo, sinamasebe amakhulu kakhulu.

Luluphi unonophelo abaludingayo?

Ukuba ufuna i-elm egadini, sicebisa ukuba uthathe ingqalelo kwinto esiza kukuxelela yona apha ngezantsi:

Ubicación

Imithi ye-Elm Kufuneka zigcinwe ngaphandle, zityalwe egadini. Ngenxa yobukhulu obukhulu abafikelela kubo, kunye nokukhula kwabo ngokukhawuleza, eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba babeke emhlabeni ngokukhawuleza.

Indawo efanelekileyo iya kuba apho bafumana khona ukukhanya kwelanga imini yonke (okanye uninzi lwayo), kwaye bakude lee kwimibhobho, imigangatho egangathiweyo, njl. Iingcambu zawo zisasazeka kakhulu kwaye, ukongeza, zomelele, ke kubalulekile ukuba zi malunga neemitha ezili-10 (ubuncinci) kuyo nayiphi na into ethe-ethe.

Unkcenkceshelo

Bangakwazi ukumelana nembalela, kodwa zikhula ngcono ukuba zinkcenkceshelwa amaxesha ngamaxesha. Ngexesha lasehlotyeni, ukuba lomile kakhulu kwaye kushushu, kungcono ukuba ubanike malunga ne-3-4 ngeveki ukunkcenkceshela ukuze bajongeke.

Ngexesha lokunkcenkceshela, yongeza amanzi ayimfuneko ukuze umhlaba umanziswe kakuhle, kwaye uphephe ukumanzisa amagqabi kuba kungenjalo anokutsha xa ilanga libetha.

Umhlaba

Imithi ye-Elm ayifuni. Zikhula nakwilitye lekalika ngaphandle kwengxaki. Kodwa kuyacetyiswa ukuba zichume, kwaye xa kunetha ngamandla okanye ngesiphango, azihlali zikhukhula ixesha elide.

Umbhalisi

Ungabahlawula entwasahlobo kude kube sekupheleni kwehlobo nge Izichumisi zendalo, kodwa ayisiyonto iyimfuneko ukuba umhlaba uchumile.

Ukuthena

Ndicebisa ngokuchasene nokuthena. Ubuhle bee-elms bulele ekuthwalweni kwabo, kwimilo yeglasi yabo, kubuhle babo bendalo. Ngoku, ukuba banamasebe awomileyo emva koko banokususwa ekupheleni kobusika.

Ukuphindaphinda

Bazala ngokulula ngokungaqhelekanga ngokuthi imbewu, ekufuneka ityalwe ekwindla ukuze ihlume entwasahlobo, nokuba kukwindawo yokuhlwayela imbewu ngaphandle ukuba imozulu iphakathi okanye iyabanda ebusika, okanye kwi tupperware efrijini ukuba, ngokuchaseneyo, kuyashushu okanye iqabaka libuthathaka kakhulu ( ukuya kuthi ga -2º).

Enye indlela esetyenziswa ngokubanzi yokuvelisa kwakhona ukubeka umoya, ekufuneka ilungiswe ngentwasahlobo ukwahlula emva kwehlobo.

Izinambuzane

Ii-Elms zinokuba nazo:

• Ukudinwa: Ngokukodwa, I-Scolytus scolytus. Kubonakala ngokukodwa kwiimodeli ezindala okanye ezibuthathaka.
• U-Elm Galeruca: umbungu webhungane UGalerucella luteola amagqabi ayatyiwa, kusale imithambo kuphela.
• Imibungu: yimibungu etya amagqabi. Basebenza kakhulu ehlotyeni. Kufuneka banyangwe kungekudala ngamayeza okubulala izinambuzane.
• Uqheliso: ezinye izinambuzane, ezinje UZeuzera pyrina, bagqobhoza umboko, bawenze buthathaka kakhulu.

Izifo

Zisemngciphekweni wokukhonkotha, kwaye ngaphezulu kwako konke, kwi elm graphiosis. Kukho ii-elms ezithile ezomeleleyo (Ulmus parvifolia, kunye nezilimo ezithile ezifana neGolide yasekwindla), kodwa i ulmus pumila umzekelo inexesha elibi.

Olona nyango lulungileyo kukuphepha ukuthena kunye nokugcina imithi inkcenkceshelwa kakuhle kwaye ikhathalelwe.

Ukusebenza ngokukhawuleza

Kuya kuxhomekeka kwindidi, kodwa zonke zixhathise iqabaka ukuya -18ºC.

Zeziphi izinto abazinikwayo?

I-Elms yimithi ethi ziyalinywa ngenxa yobuhle bazo. Njengezinto ezizimeleyo, zizityalo ezibonelela ngomthunzi, ngenxa yoko ngokungathandabuzekiyo zibalasele ukonwabela ihlobo egadini. Ngapha koko, kufuneka kuthiwe basebenza kakhulu bonsai.

Ucinge ntoni nge-elm? Unayo nayiphi egadini yakho?