We could affirm that it is almost impossible to know all the types of ferns that exist unless one is an expert in botany. Because we are talking about one of the most extensive plant species, with a diversity that is almost unfathomable.
Ferns are plants that originally come from humid forests and can grow even if they do not receive much light, but they have proven to be a perfect addition to all types of gardens, because they are capable of providing elegance and a distinctive charm. Therefore, on this occasion we are going to talk about some of its most notable varieties and their main characteristics.
Bird's nest
Among the types of ferns that you can choose for your garden, the one known as bird's nest is one of the most interesting, because it is one of the most appreciated varieties. within the gigantic family of ferns.
Asplenium nidus is native to tropical and subtropical regions of Asia, Australasia and Africa. Its nickname comes from the shape of its fronds, which They remind us in some way of a birds nest.
Among its most notable features, we must pay attention to the following:
- Shape and size. The fronds of this fern are large, lanceolate and arched in shape, which gives them that bird's nest shape that we mentioned before. They can reach a considerable size, so we are looking at a fairly exuberant fern.
- Color and texture. El frond color It can vary depending on planting conditions and climate, but ranges from the most intense green to the lightest tones. But always with a leathery texture that is soft to the touch.
- Growth mode. This is an epiphytic plant, which roots itself in the trunks of trees or directly in their cracks. If you are going to plant it in your garden, you will achieve a good result if the planting medium is rich in organic matter.
- Natural habitat. It prefers warm, humid environments, and is capable of growing in both shady and brighter areas.
- Reproduction. This variety spreads through spores that form on the underside of the fronds. These spores are dispersed by the action of the air or pollinators and give rise to new bird's nest ferns.
- Houseplant. This is one of the types of ferns that give good results as an indoor plant, as long as it has the necessary amount of humidity for its development.
- Resistance and durability. It is a very resistant plant, capable of surviving in conditions that are not ideal for it.
blechno
Blechum gibbum is also known as blecno, palm fern or king fern. A variety that stands out for its attractive appearance and compact growth. Originally from Australia and New Zealand, it has become very popular globally.
To identify this variety among other types of ferns, pay attention to these characteristics:
- Compact shape. It is a compact growing fern, with fronds that emerge vertically from a central base. Hence it reminds us of a miniature palm tree.
- Size. Its growth is moderate, and it rarely reaches more than one meter in length. Therefore, it is a good alternative for gardens that are looking for showy but not excessively large plants.
- Fronds. The fronds of this fern are lanceolate with a bright green color and a feathery appearance. They create a crown-like structure on top, giving it a very striking look.
- Natural habitat. In its place of origin this fern grows in forests and shady areas. To grow strong, it prefers to live in partial or full shade conditions. However, this is a variety that is quite adaptable to different environments.
- Simple care. It is considered an easy-care fern. Regular watering, protection from extreme temperatures and not exposing it to too much sunlight is enough.
- Reproduction. It can spread both through spores and by dividing rhizomes.
Elk horn
This fern belongs to the Platycerium genus and, due to its nickname, already You can imagine what shape its fronds have. Within this genus there are different species with their own characteristics, but all of them have common traits that we explain below:
- Form and structure. Its fronds are shaped like elk antlers and, depending on the species, can be flat and sterile or fertile and longer. In some cases, the fronds have the ability to curl up on themselves.
- Growth type. It is an epiphytic fern, which can grow on surfaces such as rocks or trees; it does not need its roots to be buried. However, some of its varieties can grow without problem in soil or in pots.
- Specific care. This variety is a little more delicate than the types of ferns we have seen before. It needs a humid environment, good ventilation, regular watering, and a shady place.
- Spread. The fern reproduces through spores, but it is very common to obtain new plants through the division of rhizomes.
Maidenhair, one of the most delicate types of ferns
The Adiantum or maidenhair fern is highly appreciated for its beauty, but also It is a delicate plant that requires very specific care. to be able to grow and be healthy. However, its ethereal appearance captivates gardening lovers, who want to have it in their private collection.
You can identify this fern by the following distinctive characteristics:
- Segmented foliage. The fronds of this fern are divided into numerous small, delicate-looking follicles. Its color is intense green, but can vary slightly depending on the species and growing conditions.
- Shape of the fronds. Another peculiarity of this plant is that the fronds are arranged in a fan pattern, giving the fern a very light and elegant appearance.
- Growth type. It is a terrestrial plant that likes moist soils rich in organic matter. However, some of its varieties can also be epiphytic.
- Light requirements. It is a delicate plant that prefers to live in partial shade to full shade conditions. Because sunlight can damage its fronds.
deer tongue
The Microsorum punctatum or true tongue fern is a very popular variety because it can adapt very well to living indoors. Native to Asia and the Pacific, its elegant appearance has contributed to making it now known worldwide.
Among its distinctive features we will highlight:
- Foliage. Its fronds resemble branched deer antlers. They are long and thin and form an arched, symmetrical pattern. Its color varies between bright green and bronze tones. But in any case they show a soft texture to the touch.
- Natural habitat. This fern grows in tropical and subtropical rainforest areas, where well-drained and shaded soils are available. Although it grows terrestrially, it can also grow as an epiphyte on tree trunks or rocks.
- Spread. It can reproduce through spores or through the division of rhizomes.
Did you know these types of ferns? Varieties that have captured the attention of gardening lovers and that you will now be able to quickly recognize.